https://www.organscigroup.us/journals/annals-of-pancreatic-disorders-and-treatment A Peertechz Open Access Journal en-us 08 Jul, 2025 https://www.organscigroup.us/articles/APDT-7-113.php There is an emergence of more uncommon to rare cases of pancreatitis. This review aims to increase clinicians’ awareness of pancreatitis’s less common and rare causes, thereby facilitating differential diagnosis, especially in patients labelled Idiopathic Pancreatitis. 29 Jun, 2024 https://www.organscigroup.us/articles/APDT-6-112.php This mini-review provides an overview of pancreatic disorders, including acute and chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, and diabetes. The pancreas plays a crucial role in the digestive and endocrine systems of the body, producing enzymes that aid digestion and hormones that regulate blood sugar levels. Acute pancreatitis is a sudden and severe inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by gallstones or excessive alcohol consumption, and requires hospitalization, pain management, and intravenous fluids to support the pancreas. Chronic pancreatitis is a long-term inflammation of the pancreas that may lead to permanent damage and impairment of digestive function. Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor that forms in the pancreas and is often difficult to detect and diagnose in its early stages. Treatment for pancreatic cancer may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, depending on the type and stage of the cancer. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that affects the body’s ability to produce or use insulin, and there are two main types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and requires lifelong insulin therapy, while type 2 diabetes can often be managed with lifestyle modifications and medication. 06 Apr, 2024 https://www.organscigroup.us/articles/APDT-6-111.php Pancreatic cancer, which is regarded as the third deadliest cancer globally, poses a significant challenge because of its limited range of treatment options and high mortality rate. Currently, there is a focus on both the development of a novel concept in vaccine designing and the parallel study of the associated immune mechanisms. To further our understanding of the healthcare field, a variety of promising designs have been introduced for in-depth study. The designs were developed to include the mKRAS-specific amphiphile vaccine, which targets a specific mutation in the KRAS gene in addition to the multi-antigen targeted DNA vaccine, which aims to stimulate an immune response against multiple cancer antigens. Furthermore, later designs of vaccines were introduced based on the development of peptide-based cancer vaccines, mRNA-based vaccines, cell-based vaccines, and engineered bacterial vectors using an oral Salmonella-based vaccine. The study presents the concept on which the new vaccine is based and discusses the up-to-date immunological manifestations of these designed vaccines. 03 May, 2023 https://www.organscigroup.us/articles/APDT-5-110.php Diabetes is a widely prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. This condition is caused by various factors that ultimately result in pancreatic β cell failure. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recognizes two main types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1-4]. 06 Sep, 2022 https://www.organscigroup.us/articles/APDT-4-109.php Approximately 5 to 10% of patients with Acute Pancreatitis (AP) develop necrosis and about 30% of these patients develop an infection, more than doubling the risk of mortality. The treatment of AP has undergone a major revolution in recent decades and recent studies advocate minimally invasive procedures and are based on antibiotic therapy. Underuse of antibiotics can lead to inappropriate treatment, while overuse encourages the emergence of resistant bacterial flora. With the objective to evaluate the profile of patients undergoing antibiotic prescription for acute pancreatitis, the authors carried out a retrospective cross-sectional study in a private hospital in Florianópolis, Brazil. Data collection took place through medical records and the variables were analyzed using simple and relative frequency, measures of central tendency, and their respective measures of variability/dispersion and standard deviation. The present study meets the bioethical principles determined by resolution 466/12 of the National Health Council. Of 91 included patients with acute pancreatitis, 38 (41,7%) received antibiotic therapy. Most were female (58,3%), aged between 40 and 59 years (41,7%). Patients that received antibiotics had more frequently severe presentations according to the Atlanta Revised Classification Criteria (47.4%); of those, in 13 (72.2%) the indication occurred in the presence of pancreatic necrosis or collections. A wide range of antibiotics was used, with Meropenem being the most prescribed (39.5%), followed by the combination of Ampicillin with Sulbactam (28.9%). Positive cultures showed carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 27,3% of those with positive cultures. The authors conclude that clinical presentation was more severe in cases where there was a need to use antimicrobials. Antibiotics are essential components in the treatment of patients with infection associated with acute pancreatitis and the employment of management protocols that take into account the resistance profile of the local flora is important. 03 Jun, 2022 https://www.organscigroup.us/articles/APDT-4-108.php Introduction: Several meta-analyses have reported the survival benefits and safety issues of chemotherapy regimens for pancreatic cancer (PC). The aim was to perform an umbrella review to summarize the existing evidence from meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane database of systematic reviews, and Epistemonikos were searched from inception to October 31st, 2021.Methodological quality was assessed using the A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR-2). The quality of evidence was evaluated using GRADE criteria (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations). Results: A total of 2,732 records were identified with 24 articles corresponding to 168 meta-analyses in resected/metastatic PC. Two (8.3%) studies were found to be of high methodological quality. Eighty (47.6%) meta-analyses reported survival benefits of using combination chemotherapy, while 88 (52.4%) meta-analyses reported safety outcomes. 78 (46.42%; 36-efficacy, 42-safety outcomes) of the 168 meta-analyses were statistically significant (P ≤0.05). No meta-analyses were found to be of high-quality evidence. Twelve meta-analyses reporting the survival benefits of gemcitabine combinations were graded as moderate quality of evidence. Combination regimen FOLFIRINOX, gemcitabine nab-paclitaxel (gem/nab), and gemcitabine capecitabine (gem/cap) compared to gemcitabine monotherapy were found to improve overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) for both resected (OS: HR = 0.78 (0.69-0.89); PFS: HR=0.79 (0.66-0.94)) and advanced PC (OS: HR = 0.76 (0.68-0.85); PFS: HR = 0.68 (0.60 -0.78)). One meta-analysis comparing the gemcitabine combination regimens (with Nab/Paclitaxel or Capecitabine) versus monotherapy among metastatic PC patients was upgraded to high quality after a sensitivity analysis excluding small-sized studies (PFS; HR = 0.78 (95% CI, 0.69-0.88)). The remaining meta-analyses were either low or very low quality of evidence. Conclusion: Our review showed that the use of combination chemotherapy regimens demonstrated survival benefits over gemcitabine monotherapy, which were supported by moderate to high-quality evidence. Gemcitabine combined with taxanes particularly showed high benefits for overall survival but only a modest benefit for progression free survival for metastatic PC. SWOG-1505 study compared perioperative FOLFIRINOX vs gem/nab in patients with resectable PC but no differences in survival was found. To date, FOLFIRINOX and gem/nab have been compared in the perioperative setting but no phase III trials have performed direct head-to-head comparisons for FOLFIRINOX against gemcitabine-based combination treatments in the metastatic setting. In future, head-to-head clinical trials comparing safety and efficacy for FOLFIRINOX vs gemcitabine-based combinations regimens (specifically gem/nab and gem/cap) in the metastatic setting are required. 26 Dec, 2019 https://www.organscigroup.us/articles/APDT-3-107.php Pancreases is a large gland in the back of belly and near to the small intestine, which causes the secretion of digestive juices in to the small intestine through a tube called pancreatic duct. It also releases hormones into the blood stream. 11 Sep, 2018 https://www.organscigroup.us/articles/APDT-2-106.php Background: Solid cystic pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas (SCPTP), commonly known as Gruber-Frantz’s tumor is a rare form of pancreatic tumors commonly misdiagnosed as pancreatic pseudocysts. It mainly affects middle-aged women, with an excellent prognosis. Different techniques are used to diagnose this type of tumor, while surgery remains the mainstay of the treatment. 05 Sep, 2018 https://www.organscigroup.us/articles/APDT-2-105.php Pancreatic neuro-endocrine tumors are rare and have a slow growth rate. They have long-term survival even when associated with hepatic metastases, after organ directed surgical treatment. Several prognostic factors have been identified for survival in pancreatic neuro-endocrine tumors with or without liver metastases. 16 Feb, 2018 https://www.organscigroup.us/articles/APDT-2-104.php Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) account for 1-5% of all pancreatic neoplasms and are typically solid in nature. Only about 10% of are cystic [1-3]. One of the challenges in their management is establishing an accurate preoperative diagnosis. 09 Jun, 2017 https://www.organscigroup.us/articles/APDT-1-103.php Background: Pancreatitis is a major public health problem with high associated economic costs. Accumulated research and empirical evidence suggests that excessive alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for both acute and chronic pancreatitis. In line with this evidence we assume that devastating combination of higher level of alcohol consumption per capita and drinking of vodka results in a close association between binge drinking and pancreatitis mortality at the aggregate level in Russia. 27 Feb, 2017 https://www.organscigroup.us/articles/APDT-1-102.php The World Health Organization (WHO) states that obesity is characterized as a positive energy balance that favors the accumulation of fat, associated with metabolic complications related to health risks such as high cholesterol and triglyceride levels, high blood pressure, and resistance to insulin [1]. 20 Jan, 2017 https://www.organscigroup.us/articles/APDT-1-101.php Background: Internal fi stula with adjacent viscera during acute pancreatitis is a rare complication. Due to their anatomic localization, colon, duodenum or stomach may be involved. Pancreatico-colonic fi stula is associated with a higher septic risk and surgery is usually mandatory.