https://www.biolscigroup.us/journals/open-journal-of-proteomics-and-genomics A Peertechz Open Access Journal en-us 30 Apr, 2024 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJPG-9-113.php Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is among the most prevalent mental illnesses worldwide. Its symptoms include persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities, and a lack of motivation for daily tasks. While FDA-approved medications are available, they often come with side effects, especially those targeting monoamine neurotransmitters like SSRIs and SNRIs. Thus, there is a need for innovative medications with different mechanisms of action. Sp-624, a derivative of griseofulvin, is currently undergoing clinical trials for MDD treatment. It acts as a sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) activator, offering a novel approach to treating this disorder. This article discusses the biochemical aspects related to the mechanism of action of sp-624, provides a brief overview of related patents, and highlights ongoing clinical trials involving this substance. 08 Feb, 2023 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJPG-8-112.php No proteome can be considered “democratic”, but rather “oligarchic” since a few proteins dominate the landscape and often obliterate the signal of the rare ones. That is the reason why most scientists lament that, in proteome analysis, the same set of abundant proteins is repeatedly seen. Current pre-fractionation techniques, one way or another, are besieged by problems, in that they are based on a “depletion principle”, i.e. elimination of unwanted species. Yet “democracy” calls for giving “equal rights” to everyone. One way to achieve that would be the use of libraries of combinatorial ligands coupled to spherical beads. When these beads are contacted with complex proteomes (e.g., human urines and sera, egg white, any cell or tissue lysate) of widely differing protein composition and relative abundances, they are able to “normalize” the protein population, by sharply reducing the concentration of the most abundant components while simultaneously enhancing the level of the most dilute components. It is felt that this method could offer a strong step forward in bringing the “unseen proteome” (due to either low abundance and/or presence of interferences) within the detection capabilities of current proteomics detection methods. Examples are given of the normalization of human urine and sera samples, resulting in the discovery of a host of proteins previously unreported. These beads can also be used to remove host cell proteins from purified recombinant proteins or proteins purified from natural sources that are intended for human consumption. These proteins typically reach purities of the order of 98%: higher purities often become prohibitively expensive. Yet, if incubated with Combinatorial Peptide Ligand Libraries (CPLL), even these impurities can be effectively removed with minute losses of the main, valuable product. 11 Feb, 2022 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJPG-7-111.php Background: New coronavirus disease is considered one of the most widely spreading viral infections all over the world. Increased numbers of severe covid-19 cases are growing up. Gene sequencing and discovering new viral variants is an essential aspect during the pandemic. The generation of treatment-resistant viral strains and the probability of negative impact on vaccination efficacy is possible. We aimed to review the probable effect of new variant emergence on treatment and vaccination efficacy, besides, the importance of gene sequencing from published literature data till the moment. Main body of the abstract: SARS-CoV-2 genome studies indicated that it shared 79 to 82% nucleotide similarity with SARS-CoV-1. Several gene locations in the envelope (E) structural protein c.222G>C (p. Leu74Leu) and the Membrane (M) structural protein c.213C>T (p. Tyr71Tyr) were proved to have mutations. Also, the surface (S) gene mutation c.1841A>G (p. Asp614Gly) is most relevant. The published sequences in Egypt are accounting for less than 0.2 percent of reported instances. Short conclusion: The possibility of rapid generation of treatment-resistant viral strains is highly possible. As a consequence of genetic alterations that impart functional differences in infectivity, sub-strains might arise as a result of acquired immunity that is likely to diminish over time and become less effective against increasingly aggressive strains. Gene sequencing in Egypt requires a lot of efforts to provide a rapid discovery for new emerging variants, to avoid a possible decrease in vaccination efficacy and emergence of treatment-resistant strains. 10 Feb, 2021 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJPG-6-110.php Several countries are suffering with COVID-19 second wave that has been worse than the first one. In addition, new challenges are being imposed by new mutations and their high transmissibility, such as B.1.1.7, identified in the United Kingdom, and the strains P.1 and 501Y.V2, from Brazil and South Africa, respectively. They threaten the immune effects of the new launched vaccines (eg.: Coronavax, Oxford vaccine, and Sputnik) as nobody can assure their effectiveness against all coronavirus mutants that are still ahead. Finally, vaccination of the whole population against coronavirus, as it is done for influenza in the elderly people, is financially very difficult, especially in the low-income countries. Therefore, this brief 2-page opinion comes to highlight the fact that, similar to HIV infection (AIDS), COVID-19 will need continuous research about the virus cycle mechanisms and drug design/searching for new antivirus that may treat those infected with this still unknown virus to avoid its major effects and high lethality worldwide. 25 Jul, 2020 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJPG-5-109.php Coronavirus is a large family of viruses that includes the common cold and the SARS virus. The Chinese corona, or coronavirus, is a new respiratory virus that began in late 2019 and early 2020 in the province of Hubby and Wuhan, China, and became known as COVID-19. The COVID-19 virus genome is a positive single-stranded RNA (ssRNA (+)) and is 29903 nucleotides long, encoding twelve different proteins. One of these proteins is called the S-protein. During the S-protein contamination cycle, it is divided into two subunits, S1 and S2. The subunit S1, which contains the Receptor Binding Protein (RBD), binds directly to the protease domain of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein and enters the cell through it. In this study first the ACE2 protein sequence extracted from the NCBI site. To convert the protein to an extracellular protein and excrete it out of the cell, the signal peptide sequence was added to the beginning of the recombinant protein and two amino acids, cysteine and asparagine, added to both sides of the signal peptide sequence to create a self-catalyzing process similar to that found in Inteins. The identifiable motif was then incompletely added to both sides of the peptide signal sequence by ACE2 sequences with F-H-L amino acids sequence. Also, amino acids involved in direct interaction between the two subunits of ACE2 protein were inhibited. Dimerization was removed from the amino acid sequence, eventually to improve the lamb The interaction between the two ACE2 proteins designed with the S1 protein virus enhanced the physicochemical properties of the protein designed using the PROTPARAM and GPMAW sites.. 29 Jan, 2019 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJPG-4-108.php Colon cancer is a common gastrointestinal malignancy in daily life and is the third most common cancer. So far, the global incidence of colon cancer has risen every year. Colon cancer mortality accounts for half of the incidence, colon cancer mortality ranks fifth in malignant tumor mortality, which seriously threatens human survival and health. This article refers to the latest domestic and foreign related articles related to colon cancer. It summarizes common and emerging screening methods for colon cancer which can make early detection and early treatment of the disease for reducing the deterioration and metastasis of colon cancer. 31 Dec, 2018 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJPG-3-107.php Bile acid (BA) plays an important role in the absorption and translocation of fat and fat-soluble vitamins. In addition, it can also act as a signaling molecule to influence the energy metabolism of organisms, glucose metabolism, and the development of liver and intestinal diseases by activating receptor. Gut microbiota participates in the metabolism and transport of BA, which changes the BA associated with the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases. This is achieved through a variety of regulatory processes and is intrinsically linked to host physiology. In recent years, many scholars have used 16S rRNA gene sequencing in conjunction with serum, urine, and fecal metabolomics methods to study the mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of disease associated with BA and gut microbiota, or to evaluate the protective action of drugs on the metabolic phenotype in rats with gut microbiota disorder. 31 Dec, 2018 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJPG-3-106.php Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry-based metabolomics analyses have been used in the evaluation of drug toxicity and finding detoxification methods. Yunnan Baiyao (YNBY) is a famous prescription for its effects on traumatic blood stasis in China. However, the adverse reactions of YNBY including anaphylactic shock, arrhythmia and renal failure hindered its further development due to Aconite kusnezoffii Radix. (caowu) in YNBY. The purpose of our research is to study the safety of YNBY compatibility of caowu for 4 weeks on SD rats by oral administration. 31 Dec, 2018 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJPG-3-105.php Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is more and more increasingly concerned all over the world based on its multiple ingredients, multi-target, effectiveness and hypotonicity. However, the fuzzy cognition of the effective ingredients of TCM has been the fundamental reason that hinders its development due to complexity and uncertainty. 01 Aug, 2017 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJPG-2-104.php A gene is the basic component of each chromosome in any cell of human body. It controls the heredity in human being and all other species. Adenine, Guanine, Thymidine and Cytosine (A, G, T, and C) are the bases of nucleotides that are ordered in a well-designed and in a proper sequence on the surface of each chromosome in the form of genes together with sugar and phosphate. 30 Dec, 2016 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJPG-1-103.php Telomeres are repetitive sequence of nucleotides present at the end of the chromosomes. The main function of telomeres is to protect the ends of chromosomes from degradation and fusion. In normal cells, the telomere length decreases after each mitosis cycle, reaching a threshold limit after which the cell undergoes apoptosis. 22 Dec, 2016 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJPG-1-102.php The respiratory diseases in humans, such as aspergilloma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and invasive aspergillosis are caused by the fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) The enzyme catalase of A. fumigatus provides a putative virulence to this fungal pathogen against the toxic effects of human hydrogen peroxide, which they cleave into water and molecular oxygen. 02 Aug, 2016 https://www.biolscigroup.us/articles/OJPG-1-101.php Despite greatly improved understanding of endothelial heterogeneity, the number of molecules discriminating human arterial and venous endothelium remains limited. Indeed, there have been few reports validating markers proposed in animal model studies in freshly isolated human tissues.