https://www.clinsurggroup.us/journals/open-journal-of-tropical-medicine A Peertechz Open Access Journal en-us 29 Apr, 2025 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-9-132.php Chronic lower extremity lymphedema is a debilitating, progressive disorder characterized by pathological lymphatic fluid accumulation. It results in persistent swelling, discomfort, restricted mobility, and heightened infection susceptibility. Intermittent Pneumatic Compression (IPC) therapy has emerged as a promising adjunctive strategy designed to enhance lymphatic flow, reduce edema, and improve patient-reported outcomes. This prospective, single-arm cohort study enrolled adults aged 18 to 75 diagnosed with Stage II or III lower extremity lymphedema, verified via lymphoscintigraphy. Participants underwent IPC therapy using an advanced 8-chamber peristaltic device, calibrated to 80 mmHg, administered for 60 minutes, three times weekly, across six months. Primary outcomes included limb volume reduction assessed through optoelectronic perometry, pain reduction measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and quality of life changes evaluated via the Lymphedema Quality of Life Inventory (LyQLI). At six months, a mean limb volume reduction of 28.7% (p < .001) was achieved, with 72% of participants maintaining >25% reduction at twelve months. Pain intensity decreased by 54.8% (p < .001), while LyQLI scores indicated significant improvement across physical, emotional, and functional domains (+28% - 32%, p < .01). IPC therapy was well-tolerated with minimal adverse events. These findings affirm IPC’s long-term efficacy and safety, supporting its integration into multidisciplinary lymphedema care to achieve sustained anatomical and quality-of-life improvements. 25 Apr, 2025 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-9-131.php The CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis, comprising the chemokine CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) and its receptor CX3CR1, plays a pivotal role in modulating immune responses during infection, inflammation, and cancer. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms underlying CX3CL1/CX3CR1 interaction and its role in immune cell recruitment, tissue remodeling, and tumor progression. In the context of infection and inflammation, this pathway contributes to both protective and pathological immune responses. Moreover, CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling has been implicated in the metastatic spread of cancers. The therapeutic potential of targeting this interaction in these diseases is discussed, along with the current challenges and potential future directions. 09 Apr, 2025 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-9-130.php Malaria is transmitted to humans through the bite of the Anopheles mosquito, which is the main vector of Plasmodium parasites (e.g. P. falciparum, P. vivax). The parasite life cycle comprises several stages both in the human host (liver and red blood cells) and in the mosquito vector. A better understanding of vector biology and transmission dynamics is essential for the development of effective prevention strategies. 20 Feb, 2025 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-9-129.php Insufficient supply and sanitation services affect the lives of billions of people in developing countries. The situation is exacerbated during natural disasters because existing infrastructure is destroyed and scarce resources are diverted to crisis management and subsequent reconstruction. By comparison, many developed countries have preventative measures in place to reduce the risk of damage as well as strategies and measures to mitigate the impact of the next disaster. In these situations, environmental health professionals from governmental and non-governmental organizations can play an important role in disaster prevention, mitigation, and response. Nevertheless, the success of environmental health programs depends on existing social inequalities. In many developing countries, the poorest and most vulnerable people already live in a situation of poor water supply and sanitation, which is exacerbated by natural disasters. 20 Feb, 2025 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-9-128.php Human health is affected by climate change, which has a significant impact on pathogens (parasites, viruses, and bacteria), vectors, and reservoir hosts, affecting the transmission of many vector-borne diseases. Multiple vectors have expanded their latitudinal and altitudinal range, and the length of the season in which they are active is increasing. It is expected that these trends will continue as the climate continues to warm. In this review, it is presumed that lymphatic filariasis, malaria, and schistosomiasis are a concern, and emphasis is placed on the treatment options for these diseases. This will provide awareness and emphasize the importance of preventative measures such as vaccinations, vector control, and personal protective measures. 20 Feb, 2025 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-9-127.php Travel medicine is a branch of medicine that deals with the prevention and treatment of medical problems in international travelers. The Tropical and Travel Medicine activity is aimed at the prevention and treatment of diseases related to travel, in particular infectious diseases. These activities are generally integrated into the Infectious Diseases Department of the Central Hospital. This division not only deals with travel medicine, but also brings together all areas related to infectious diseases: physician consultation in infectiology, microbiology, infection prevention and control (or Hospital Hygiene or Hospital Epidemiology), Screening for HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases, and control of infectious diseases. This review focuses on the indications for each travel-related vaccine, as well as a structured summary and visuals depicting the geographical distribution of important travel-related diseases and highlighting high-risk destinations and behaviors. It is meant to provide persons traveling to developing nations from developed countries with important information regarding the notion of preventive immunization or vaccination. 25 Mar, 2024 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-8-126.php The puzzled scientists are searching for the proper vaccine to vaccinate the whole world against the ‘Future Disease’, and the different bio-pharmaceutical factories may take responsibility as quickly as possible to prepare vaccines. The primary ‘Tropical Traditional Spices Community BioMedicines Extract’ is used to conquer this situation. The main objectives of the current ‘Community Treatments Study’ show some typical individual preventive and therapeutic measures of ‘Community Treatments Study Reports’ of COVID-19 patients treated with high-diluted ‘Spices Tropical Traditional BioMedicines MT’, prepared by mixing spices; ginger, turmeric, and garlic. The present ‘Spices BioMedicines MT’ has the potential to prevent diseases with no side effects. The present “Spices Tropical Traditional BioMedicines Protect Future Public Health” OR the “Traditional High-Diluted Spices Community BioMedicines MT Physiology Prevent Future ‘X’ Diseases Improving Herbal Medicine Natural Therapies Wildlife Biodiversity Conservations” that cover the theme “Innovations in Public Health: Navigating a Healthier Future”. 30 Nov, 2023 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-7-125.php Aedes aegypti chemical control remains an indispensable alternative to prevent dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya outbreaks. Havana City requires constant surveillance due to its bioecological characteristics favor the proliferation of mosquito vectors of these diseases, which constitutes a high risk to the health of its inhabitants. The goal of this study was to determine temephos resistance levels in the populations of Ae. aegypti from five municipalities of Havana. The susceptibility of the larvae was evaluated by bioassays described by the World Health Organization. Aedes aegypti populations evaluated showed high resistance to temephos, with values that oscillated for the FR50 between 26,8 and 82,5 and for the FR90 between 16,6 and 42,5 respectively. The National Control Program of Aedes aegypti in Cuba must promote insecticide rotation policies to avoid or prevent the evolution of temephos resistance in Havana. In addition, an evaluation of the Abate doses applied by the operators in the municipalities studied must be carried out, since this could be influencing resistance development due to operational factors. 28 Aug, 2023 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-7-124.php Background: Optimal breastfeeding is so critical that it could save the lives of over 820,000 children under the age of five years each year. For optimal growth, development, and health, the WHO recommends Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) in the first six months. To ensure nursing mothers breastfeed their children exclusively, they should also have access to skilled practical help to build mothers’ confidence and prevent or resolve breastfeeding problems. Interventions promoting optimal Infant and Young Child Feeding practices could prevent 19% of under-five deaths, and such intervention could improve nursing mothers’ understanding and practice of EBF. Objective: This trial is designed to formulate a hospital-based counseling guide on EBF, implement it, and determine its effect on improving EBF practice in Anambra State, Nigeria. 15 Mar, 2023 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-7-123.php Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the most common causes of maternal mortality and morbidity. It complicates 5% - 6% of all pregnancies globally and up to 15% of pregnancies in Sub-Saharan Africa. The present study was designed to determine the values of platelet indices in preeclamptic patients compared to non-preeclamptic controls. A total of 70 patients comprising 35 preeclamptic cases and 35 non-preeclamptic controls aged 18-40 years were recruited for the study. Blood samples (3mls) were collected from patients for the estimation of platelet indices using the Mindray 530 BC automated hematology analyzer, Mindray, Japan. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 using T - test and Pearson correlation. The level of significance was set at p &lt; 0.05 and the result was presented as mean + SD. The result revealed a significant increase in the MPV (13.5 + 0.18 vs. 09.4 + 0.20), PDW (16.2 + 0.037 vs. 06.0 + 0.19) and PLCR (38.0 + 1.19 vs. 26.2 + 1.19) between the preeclamptic patients and non-preeclamptic controls. There was a significant decrease in the PLT (174.1 + 15.5 vs. 231.1 + 15.05), PCT (1.9 + 0.14 vs. 3.3 + 0.75), and PLCC (60.7 + 3.24 vs. 69.4 + 3.17) for the preeclamptic cases compared to non-preeclamptic control. These findings may be useful in the management of the adverse outcomes of preeclampsia for the Enugu population. 31 Dec, 2022 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-6-122.php Introduction: Platelet concentrates (PC) are among the most needed blood components used to correct thrombocytopenia of various origins. The main problems in transfusion therapy are the risks of infectious complications associated with the limited shelf life of platelet concentrates at storage. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the quality parameters of apheresis platelet concentrate prepared on two additional solutions: experimental additional solution (ASexp) containing sodium fumarate and SSP+ solution. Objective: To perform a comparative analysis of quality parameters, metabolic rate, hemostatic ability, and markers of activation and apoptosis of platelets (15 units) prepared on an experimental additional solution containing sodium fumarate and on an additional SSP+ solution for prolonged storage periods (15 days) at a temperature of 4 °C ± 2 °C. Materials and methods: We have studied the parameters of the thrombography, metabolism, hemostatic potential, markers of activation, and apoptosis for prolonged periods (15 days) of storage at a temperature of 4 °C ± 2 °C. Results: The results of the study indicate that during prolonged cold storage (15 days), there is a slight decrease in the number of platelets, a decrease in the level of metabolism, and significant morphofunctional changes occur both when using SSP+ and ASexp additional solutions. At the same time, hemostatic activity remains at a fairly high level throughout the entire storage period. The results of the analysis for most of the studied parameters did not reveal significant differences between the groups. At the same time, the parameters mandatory for quality control and safety met the standard values by the end of the observation period. Conclusion: Our data indicate the possibility of using the developed additional solution based on sodium fumarate for storing platelets at a temperature of +4 °C ± 2 °C for 15 days. 07 Nov, 2022 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-6-121.php Background: Malaria parasitemia and HIV infections are globally important public health concerns. People residing in regions where these two infections are endemic are prone to develop co-infection. Sub-Saharan Africa has the greatest burden of both diseases and Cameroon particularly the South West Region has been reported as one of the regions with the highest malaria and HIV prevalence. Hence, there is a need for continuous monitoring and epidemiologic inquiry to generate updated data on the burden of malaria parasitemia on HIV/AIDS. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria parasitemia and the association between viral load and malaria parasite density in people living with HIV/AIDS in Kumba, Cameroon. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 250 people living with HIV/AIDS selected from five main Community Based Organizations in Kumba during a period of 5 months from April to August 2021. Participants’ consent was obtained followed by socio-demographic and other useful data via a standardized questionnaire. Capillary blood samples were collected and Giemsa-stained blood films were examined to detect malaria parasitemia. The recent viral loads were collected from the participants’ medical files. Pearson’s chi-square was used for the comparison of proportions and correlation analysis to determine the association between parasite density and viral load. Statistical significance was set at p < 0 xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed>1000copies/ml) had significantly higher malaria parasite density(>400trophozoites/µL) than HAART-experienced participants with ‘not detectable’ viral load. Conclusion: The prevalence of malaria parasitemia in the study population was 27.2%. HAART naïve individuals had significantly higher malaria parasitemia prevalence and malaria parasite density than HAART-experienced individuals. Malaria parasite density was significantly dependent on viral load in HAART-experienced individuals. 14 Jul, 2021 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-5-120.php Aim: How to avoid being re-hospitalized for patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) were studied. Method: A total of 260 patients diagnosed as COVID-19 were studied with serial follow-up chest chest Computed Tomography (CT) scans and Reverse-Transcriptase–Polymerase-Chain-Reaction (RT-PCR). Result: Positive rates of chest CT imaging were 96.99% (252/260). Positive rates of RT-PCR were 87.70% for the first time, 92.30% for two times and 100% for three times. Multiple RT-PCR assay tests resulted in a high positive rate of RT-PCR. Combination of chest CT scans, RT-PCR lead to positive rate of 100% even for the first testing, which is conducive to COVID-19 diagnosis Two patients with COVID-19 were discharged from hospital with false-negative results of RT-PCR using the oropharyngeal swab. There was a significant progression on CT images as well as an increase in infective markers during their second admission to hospital, which indicated the progressing inflammation. Patients with complete recovery were selected. Symptoms were relieved; dissipation almost completely disappeared on CT image; infective markers significantly decreased to normal levels, which indicated that the inflammation was not progressing. Lymphocyte (LYM) percent increase to normal level. Conclusion: Serial follow-up chest CT scans are quite important for confirming the patients with COVID-19 who resulted negative for RT-PCR of COVID-19 nucleic acid. A combination of the RT-PCR test for COVID-19 nucleic acid and other detective methods such as CT imaging are conducive to diagnosis. The roadmap how to avoid being re-hospitalized for patients with COVID-19 was provided. Patients, were not allowed to be discharged from hospital even with negative result of RT-PCR of COVID-19 nucleic acid: 06 Apr, 2021 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-5-119.php Bio and infotech revolution including data management are global tendencies that have a relevant impact on healthcare. Concepts such as Big Data, Data Science and Machine Learning are now topics of interest within medical literature. All of them are encompassed in what recently is named as digital epidemiology. The purpose of this article is to propose our definition of digital epidemiology with the inclusion of a further aspect: Innovation. It means Digital Epidemiology of Innovation (DEI) and show the importance of this new branch of epidemiology for the management and control of diseases. In this sense, we will describe all characteristics concerning to the topic, current uses within medical practice, application for the future and applicability of DEI as conclusion. 27 Jan, 2021 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-5-118.php Dengue is one of the most common mosquito-borne viral diseases affecting both children and adults worldwide, particularly in the countries of Asia and Latin America [1]. An estimated 100–400 million infections occur annually with 50,000 deaths per year [1]. Most symptomatic patients with dengue present with mild non-specific symptoms that do not require hospitalization [1-3]. Patients with mild to moderate dengue severity often have clinical manifestations of poor appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and dehydration [2,3]. A number of patients with mild to moderate dengue severity need supportive and symptomatic treatment in the hospital, which mainly comprises intravenous fluid therapy [1-4]. Severe or complicated cases require hospitalization according to the disease because of plasma leakage [Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF)/Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS)] and bleeding [1-4]. 28 Sep, 2020 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-4-117.php Background: Malaria fever is extreme overall wellbeing face an issue. Malaria fever keeps on being a peril to the ascendant nations. Epidemiological data from various territories of Pakistan is missing to intently appraise the event of various sorts of intestinal sickness. Locale Dir Lower is a hot zone with a high waterway framework and stream which gives great conditions to “mosquitoes’’ generation. The present examination was directed to explore the predominance of Malaria in locale Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan stretched out from October 2018. Method: In this examination, an aggregate of 200 people nevertheless, guys, females, and kids who were inspected for the blood assortment. They were isolated into three gatherings based on ages with the end goal; (A: First 1-10) year age; gathering (B: 11 to 20) year age and gathering (C: 21) year or more. Blood tests were gathered and brought to the research center of class D medical clinic Totakan for malarial parasitic examination. For Active Case Detection (ACD) intestinal sickness territories in the regions were chosen and houses visits of associated patients with Malaria fever were made of these regions, while in the Passive Case Detection (PCD) procedure the blood films were taken from the patient going to the wellbeing stations (research centers of Category D Hospital Totakan). Results: The general predominance of intestinal sickness in different example destinations included; recorded were as; in the wellbeing, station coming people groups half, in houses visits it was 27.5%, and in schools and understudies was about 22.5% recorded, individually. While the level of plasmodium species P. falciparum was 5% and P. vivax was 95% in the investigation zone. Conclusion: The predominance of intestinal sickness was more noteworthy in the females’ locale when contrasted with guys in the examination region. It is additionally prescribed that the general vivacious hood and sanitation of the zone ought to be concentrated to recognize the harbors of the mosquitoes. The predominance female was likewise clear the various examinations drove in District Dir Lower. The explanation that females take additional time at home and they can’t change their area. It was seen that where to store water was accessible in the home while the female populace was affected because of the nibble of a mosquito. While the guys were busy with their exercises outside the home because of this explanation the male has barely any odds of the nibble by a mosquito. 05 Sep, 2020 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-4-116.php Introduction: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an important cause of global morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries, more frequently affecting children under 5 years of age. Few studies in the region have analyzed the total duration of fever days in relation to the presence of complications of the disease. Objective: To determine the total fever days in patients admitted to the Institute of Tropical Medicine with a diagnosis of CAP, in relation to the presence of complications such as pleural effusion. Material and methods: Retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study, including clinical records of pediatric patients under 16 years of age, admitted to the Institute of Tropical Medicine from January 2015 to December 2017. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data were included and evolutionary. Results: 433 patients with a diagnosis of CAP were included. The mean age was 32.6 ± 38.3 months. The age distribution was presented as follows: from 0 to 23 months, 252 (58.2%) patients, from 24 to 59 months, 97 (22.4%) and ≥ 60 months, 84 (19.4%) patients. Two hundred thirteen patients (49.2%) were female and 220 (50.8%) were male (1:1 ratio). The presence of pleural effusion was verified in 17.3% of patients (75/433). The average white blood cell count was 16102 ± 11549 cel/mm3; the hemoglobin and hematocrit averages were 10.5 ± 2.1 g / dL and 32 ± 5.8%, respectively. Platelets presented a mean of 397911 ± 186023 / mm3 with C-reactive protein positive in 318 patients (73.4%). The presence of bacteremia was verified in 28 (6.5%) patients. Severe hemodynamic compromise, verified by the presence of shock on admission, was found in 69 (15.9%) of the patients, requiring hospitalization in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) 149 patients (34.4%). The requirement of mechanical respiratory assistance occurred in 21.9% (95/433) of the cases, the average stay in assisted ventilation being 3.2 ± 5.3 days. The presence of comorbidities was 13.4% (58/433). The mortality found was 6.5% (28/433). Some microorganism was isolated in 12.7% of cases (55/433). Pneumococcus was found in 12/55 (21.8%), Staphylococcus aureus in 27/51 (49.1%) patients. The presence of bacteremia was verified in 28 (6.5%) patients. In pleural fluid, the germ was identified in 32.7% of cases (18/55) patients. In relation to fever, 79% (342/433) of the patients presented it, the total duration of the fever being 4.5 ± 4.6 (Range: 1 - 32), yielding the same value in cases with effusion pleural (4.6 ± 4.6 days Range: 0-27) and in cases of bacteremic pneumonia (4.6 ± 4.6 days Range: 1-27) (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Community-acquired pneumonia represents high morbidity and mortality, with greater involvement in children younger than 5 years, with a significant requirement for intensive care. Fever is very frequent, not observing a difference in its duration in relation to the presence of pleural effusion or bacteremia. 26 Jun, 2020 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-4-115.php The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has emphasized the need to maintain efforts to prevent, detect, and treat vector-borne diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic since the combined impact of both could have potentially devastating consequences on the population at risk. Cuba during the COVID-19 pandemic established its protocol for its combat, respecting the provisions of the World Health Organization (WHO) and adding other internal measures in the country that have ensured its effective control. Parallel to the epidemic, the country continues to monitor and control of Aedes aegypti to avoid a possible dengue epidemic. This article provides some considerations that must be taken into account in the presence of COVID-19 and dengue cases that contribute to the strengthening of effective and rapid surveillance and control of Ae. aegypti. 23 Jun, 2020 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-4-114.php Background: The multivariate analysis distinguishes components or factors and establishes associations among antibiotics based on their different levels of correlation. Objectives: A dendrogram analysis utilizing the clustering algorithm and comparative multivariate analysis on the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MICs) of eleven antibiotics, including the vancomycin, was performed. Methods: A sum of 37 phenotypic resistance profile of S. aureus [10 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)], isolated from various community settings of university campuses including Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU) and Punjab Agriculture University (PAU), were preselected. 08 May, 2020 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-4-113.php Background: Zika Virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-transmitted flavivirus currently causing large epidemics and represents a global public health. Most ZIKV infections in humans are asymptomatic or mild with self-limiting clinical manifestations. Certainty, an available and sustainable surveillance for risk individual groups to ZIKV infection it is necessary and serological methods offer a good alternative. 21 Apr, 2020 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-4-112.php Henoch-Scholein Purpura (HSP) is one of the most common vasculitic disorder of childhood and is characterised by the presence of nonthrombocytopenic purpura (and usually) palpable purpura, transient arthralgia (occasionally arthritis), abdominal symptoms and renal involvement. Here we are reporting a previously healthy adolescent male child who presented with skin, joint and gastrointestinal manifestations of HSP as well as coincidental finding of multiple calculi in right kidney causing obstructive hydronephrosis on ultrasonography. Renal calculi with HSP can be a coincidental finding but it can create diagnostic dilemma on clinical and laboratory grounds especially due to abdominal colic and other renal manifestations. So we tried to bring this case into light because this dilemma may be responsible for sufferings for the patient without timely diagnosis and treatment. 05 Mar, 2020 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-4-111.php Giant uterine fibroids are rare benign smooth muscle neoplasms of the uterus. They are gynaecological problems found among women of reproductive age that negatively impacts their health. Uterine fibroids are described as giant when the fibroid tissues weigh more than 11.4kg. This type of benign disease poses a great management challenge. Generally uterine fibroids are common gynaecological conditions among women of reproductive age and are asymtomatic in many women. Many are discovered incidentally on imaging on asymptomatic women but the symptomatic ones can cause abnormal uterine bleeding, pressure symptoms, bowel dysfunction and urinary symptoms. 31 Dec, 2019 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-3-110.php Background: During the clinical course of multibacillary leprosy disease, mainly in Lepromatous Leprosy (LL) patients, acute and systemic inflammatory episodes known as Erythema Nodosum Leprosum (ENL) may be present. The histology of ENL skin lesions initially shows hyperplasia of epidermis followed by a neutrophilic inflammatory process. Sensory neurons and keratinocyte communicate in paracrine way via molecules such as neuropeptides, cytokines, and opioids. Previous studies demonstrated that opioids might cause immunosuppression through Mu Opioid Receptor (MOR). 31 Dec, 2019 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-3-109.php Patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis or sporotrichosis with ulcerated lesions may present similar epidemiological and clinical characteristics. Local pain is often referred to in the sporotrichosis lesions, but not in cutaneous leishmaniasis. The µ Opioid Receptor (MOR) is indirectly associated to the production of cytokines, and is related to the epidermal proliferation. 10 Jul, 2019 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-3-108.php Introduction: A quarter of the world’s population, most commonly in developing countries like Ethiopia, are infected with intestinal parasites. School age children are the most affected segment of the population. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends periodic deworming of all at-risk people living in endemic areas. 29 Dec, 2018 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-2-107.php Chorioangioma is the most common non trophoblastic tumour of the placenta which can result to severe pregnancy complications with attendant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality [1]. Most cases of chorioangiomas are small, microscopic and of no clinical important [2,3]. We present the very first case of large symptomatic chorioangioma managed successfully in University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu. 26 Jan, 2018 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-2-106.php There is a specific association between insect vector species and parasites [1]. The susceptibility or resistance of a species of sandfly to the development of a particular parasite depends on its ability to overcome certain barriers such as the proteolytic enzymes of the midgut, the peritrophic membrane surrounding the blood meal, and excretion of the midgut contents during digestion [2]. 28 Sep, 2017 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-1-105.php Algeria is one of the most endemic countries for cutaneous and visceral forms of leishmaniosis. Strikingly 04 Jul, 2017 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-1-104.php Toxoplasma seroprevalence in free-range chicken, which directly feed from ground, is a good indicator for detecting an environment contamination by T. 28 Jun, 2017 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-1-103.php Although the causes of rheumatic diseases have remained relatively unknown, systemic intracellular bacterial infections are commonly found in rheumatic disease patients [1-4]. Because of this, certain nfections have been confused with comorbid conditions. 29 May, 2017 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-1-102.php Introduction: Jazan Region, in the Southwestern Saudi Arabia is known as the mostly affected region with malaria. Malaria occurs at hypo-to hyperendimic level where P. falciparum is the commonest parasite and An. arabiensis is the principal vector. 20 Apr, 2017 https://www.clinsurggroup.us/articles/OJTM-1-101.php Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDs) such as Ebola are a signifi cant threat to global health. It is unclear whether the mining industry has adequately considered EID risks, and more generally the challenge of communicable diseases.