Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a major sight-threatening cause in diabetic patients. The pathophysiology of macular edema involves both the presence of inflammation and angiogenic stimulant regarding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [1].
Introduction: Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) a type of relatively rare type of restrictive strabismus.
Methods and results: Six cases of DRS comprising of all sub types and their outcome was discussed simultaneously explaining how to plan surgical treatment for each component of DRS in each case. Horizontal, vertical deviations, abnormal head position, globe retraction and upshoots /downshoots were correctable in all cases of DRS.
Purpose: The purpose of this report is to present a case of bilateral HIV optic neuropathy.
Methods: We describe a case of completely loss of visual acuity in the left eye (LE) and partially in the right eye (RE) in a 25-year-old Woman with HIV infection without treatment.
Open Access
Article Type: Case Report
Optical Coherence Tomography for the Identification of a Rare Case of Keratoconus in Albino Donor Cornea
A 61 years old albino donor cornea shows an association of a triple corneal pathologies, keratoconus, oculocutaneous albinism and neovascularisation. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed severe signs of keratoconus, corneal vascularisation and the presence of central leukoma. Keratoconus and corneal vascularisation in albino patients is a unique association, however, the genetic basis of this combination is still unclear.
The neuropeptide research in the eye is the main topic of our scientific group in Innsbruck. Most of the neuropeptides have been discovered more than 30 years ago and the presence and distribution of some of them has been explored in the eye in the 80's mainly by Richard Stone. This concerns particularly substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY).
