A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined offset: 0

Filename: controllers/Abstracts.php

Line Number: 95

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
Line: 95
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Abstracts.php

Line Number: 95

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
Line: 95
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined index: id

Filename: controllers/Abstracts.php

Line Number: 97

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
Line: 97
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined index: slug

Filename: controllers/Abstracts.php

Line Number: 100

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
Line: 100
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined index: short_name

Filename: controllers/Abstracts.php

Line Number: 101

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
Line: 101
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined index: id

Filename: controllers/Abstracts.php

Line Number: 105

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
Line: 105
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined index: id

Filename: controllers/Abstracts.php

Line Number: 107

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
Line: 107
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined index: id

Filename: controllers/Abstracts.php

Line Number: 109

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
Line: 109
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined index: image

Filename: controllers/Abstracts.php

Line Number: 127

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
Line: 127
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined index: name

Filename: controllers/Abstracts.php

Line Number: 138

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
Line: 138
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (Kap) Regarding Early Childhood Caries among Nurses Working in a Low Socio-Economic Area |

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined index: image

Filename: views/abstract.php

Line Number: 38

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/views/abstract.php
Line: 38
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
Line: 357
Function: include

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
Line: 300
Function: _ci_load

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/views/templates/site/mini-header-template.php
Line: 93
Function: view

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
Line: 357
Function: include

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
Line: 300
Function: _ci_load

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/core/MY_Controller.php
Line: 101
Function: view

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
Line: 141
Function: _render_page

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

https://www.peertechzpublications.org/assets/images/default.png" data-alt="

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined index: name

Filename: views/abstract.php

Line Number: 38

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/views/abstract.php
Line: 38
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
Line: 357
Function: include

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
Line: 300
Function: _ci_load

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/views/templates/site/mini-header-template.php
Line: 93
Function: view

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
Line: 357
Function: include

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
Line: 300
Function: _ci_load

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/core/MY_Controller.php
Line: 101
Function: view

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
Line: 141
Function: _render_page

File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

">
https://www.peertechzpublications.org/journals/" >Home
  • A PHP Error was encountered

    Severity: Notice

    Message: Undefined index: slug

    Filename: views/abstract.php

    Line Number: 47

    Backtrace:

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/views/abstract.php
    Line: 47
    Function: _error_handler

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/views/templates/site/mini-header-template.php
    Line: 93
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/core/MY_Controller.php
    Line: 101
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
    Line: 141
    Function: _render_page

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
    Line: 315
    Function: require_once

  • https://www.peertechzpublications.org/journals//about">About

    A PHP Error was encountered

    Severity: Notice

    Message: Undefined index: short_name

    Filename: views/abstract.php

    Line Number: 47

    Backtrace:

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/views/abstract.php
    Line: 47
    Function: _error_handler

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/views/templates/site/mini-header-template.php
    Line: 93
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/core/MY_Controller.php
    Line: 101
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
    Line: 141
    Function: _render_page

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
    Line: 315
    Function: require_once

  • A PHP Error was encountered

    Severity: Notice

    Message: Undefined index: slug

    Filename: views/abstract.php

    Line Number: 48

    Backtrace:

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/views/abstract.php
    Line: 48
    Function: _error_handler

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/views/templates/site/mini-header-template.php
    Line: 93
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/core/MY_Controller.php
    Line: 101
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
    Line: 141
    Function: _render_page

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
    Line: 315
    Function: require_once

  • https://www.peertechzpublications.org/journals//aims-and-scope" class="leftmenu">Aims and Scope
  • A PHP Error was encountered

    Severity: Notice

    Message: Undefined index: slug

    Filename: views/abstract.php

    Line Number: 50

    Backtrace:

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/views/abstract.php
    Line: 50
    Function: _error_handler

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/views/templates/site/mini-header-template.php
    Line: 93
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/core/MY_Controller.php
    Line: 101
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
    Line: 141
    Function: _render_page

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
    Line: 315
    Function: require_once

  • https://www.peertechzpublications.org/journals//call-for-papers" class="leftmenu">Call for Papers
  • A PHP Error was encountered

    Severity: Notice

    Message: Undefined index: slug

    Filename: views/abstract.php

    Line Number: 53

    Backtrace:

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/views/abstract.php
    Line: 53
    Function: _error_handler

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/views/templates/site/mini-header-template.php
    Line: 93
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/core/MY_Controller.php
    Line: 101
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
    Line: 141
    Function: _render_page

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
    Line: 315
    Function: require_once

  • https://www.peertechzpublications.org/journals//indexing-listing" class="leftmenu">Indexing & Archiving
  • A PHP Error was encountered

    Severity: Notice

    Message: Undefined index: slug

    Filename: views/abstract.php

    Line Number: 56

    Backtrace:

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/views/abstract.php
    Line: 56
    Function: _error_handler

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/views/templates/site/mini-header-template.php
    Line: 93
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/core/MY_Controller.php
    Line: 101
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
    Line: 141
    Function: _render_page

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
    Line: 315
    Function: require_once

  • https://www.peertechzpublications.org/journals//oai-pmh" class="leftmenu">OAI-PMH
  • https://www.peertechzpublications.org/journals//submission">Submit Manuscript
  • https://www.peertechzpublications.org/journals//contact-us">Contact Us
  •  

    Indexing & Archiving

    Readmore

    A PHP Error was encountered

    Severity: Notice

    Message: Undefined index: slug

    Filename: views/abstract.php

    Line Number: 273

    Backtrace:

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/views/abstract.php
    Line: 273
    Function: _error_handler

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/views/templates/site/mini-header-template.php
    Line: 93
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/core/MY_Controller.php
    Line: 101
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
    Line: 141
    Function: _render_page

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
    Line: 315
    Function: require_once

    .png" class="bdmi img-responsive" alt="

    A PHP Error was encountered

    Severity: Notice

    Message: Undefined index: name

    Filename: views/abstract.php

    Line Number: 273

    Backtrace:

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/views/abstract.php
    Line: 273
    Function: _error_handler

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/views/templates/site/mini-header-template.php
    Line: 93
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 357
    Function: include

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
    Line: 300
    Function: _ci_load

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/core/MY_Controller.php
    Line: 101
    Function: view

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
    Line: 141
    Function: _render_page

    File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
    Line: 315
    Function: require_once

    ">

      Abstract

      Open Access Research Article Article ID: ACMPH-1-101

      Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (Kap) Regarding Early Childhood Caries among Nurses Working in a Low Socio-Economic Area

      Nadia Mohamed* and Jo Barnes

      Early Childhood Caries (ECC) has been recognized by the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry [1] as a “significant public health problem” and it still affects a large number of children worldwide [2,3]. Dye et al. [3], stated that dental caries is “the most common chronic disease of childhood in the United States”. Even though caries in itself is not life-threatening, the extent of this oral health problem is of major significance as it ultimately has an impact on general health and well-being and affects the quality of life. Untreated dental caries can lead to abscess formation and the resultant pain can influence the ability of children to function optimally in their day to day lives [4]. Decay of the primary dentition is also one of the main reasons why children are hospitalized [2]. These children are often under the age of 5 years, cooperation is usually poor. This means that more expensive treatment options such as general anesthesia or sedation have to be considered in most cases [4,5].

      Keywords:

      Published on: Jun 8, 2015 Pages: 1-5

      Full Text PDF Full Text HTML DOI: 10.17352/2455-5479.000001
      CrossMark Publons Harvard Library HOLLIS Search IT Semantic Scholar Get Citation Base Search Scilit OAI-PMH ResearchGate Academic Microsoft GrowKudos Universite de Paris UW Libraries SJSU King Library SJSU King Library NUS Library McGill DET KGL BIBLiOTEK JCU Discovery Universidad De Lima WorldCat VU on WorldCat

      Indexing/Archiving

      Pinterest on

      A PHP Error was encountered

      Severity: Notice

      Message: Undefined index: short_name

      Filename: views/abstract.php

      Line Number: 572

      Backtrace:

      File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/views/abstract.php
      Line: 572
      Function: _error_handler

      File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
      Line: 357
      Function: include

      File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
      Line: 300
      Function: _ci_load

      File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/views/templates/site/mini-header-template.php
      Line: 93
      Function: view

      File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
      Line: 357
      Function: include

      File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/third_party/MX/Loader.php
      Line: 300
      Function: _ci_load

      File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/core/MY_Controller.php
      Line: 101
      Function: view

      File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/application/modules/abstracts/controllers/Abstracts.php
      Line: 141
      Function: _render_page

      File: /var/www/vhosts/peertechzpublications.org/httpdocs/index.php
      Line: 315
      Function: require_once

      /">